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“Climate change isn’t waiting for international pledges, and neither can the world’s most vulnerable nations, because every delayed dollar costs lives, livelihoods and a chance at survival.” The conclusion of COP29 reiterates a troubling reality for emerging economies: the yawning gap between climate finance needs and actual disbursements. Estimates to address the escalating climate crisis stand at US$1.3 trillion, but developed nations have pledged to mobilize only $300 billion annually by 2035. Although touted as a tripling of the previous $100 billion annual target set in 2009, this commitment has met with sharp criticism from developing nations, which deem it insufficient. Analysts from the Center for Global Development estimate that existing commitments, including contributions from multilateral development banks and private finance, could already account for approximately $200 billion annually by 2030. Contributions from emerging economies such as China could potentially raise the total to $265 billion. However, concerns about inflation eroding the real value of these funds persist. By 2035, the $300 billion commitment is projected to shrink to the equivalent of $175 billion, assuming a 5 percent annual inflation rate. Whether you're looking to broaden your horizons or stay informed on the latest developments, "Viewpoint" is the perfect source for anyone seeking to engage with the issues that matter most. By registering, you agree with 's Please check your email for your newsletter subscription. The absence of explicit provisions for new and additional funding raises concerns about how much of this finance may be redirected from existing aid, potentially undermining the Sustainable Development Goals. This financial chasm, symptomatic of a global system ill-equipped to address pressing climate challenges, demands a new approach. Emerging economies, constrained by limited resources, cannot afford to rely solely on international pledges. They must explore innovative, pragmatic strategies to mobilize capital, ensuring returns that align with the current economic structure. Climate resilience hinges on mitigation and adaptation projects. Mitigation focuses on reducing or preventing the causes of climate change, for instance, through renewable energy projects. These include jobs such as those in construction, operations and maintenance of renewable energy facilities. Adaptation involves adjusting systems and practices to cope with the impacts of climate change. Flood protection and growing drought-resistant crops are examples. But here’s the paradox. Mitigation projects may generate tangible economic benefits such as direct, indirect and induced employment opportunities. But adaptation measures – equally essential, if not more – such as building climate-resilient infrastructure or improving water management, often lack direct revenue streams. For emerging economies where public budgets are stretched thin, financing these efforts is particularly challenging. Here, large sections of people don’t have the disposable income to invest in financial instruments, such as green bonds or insurance schemes. Thus, the key lies in reimagining climate finance frameworks to attract private capital while ensuring measurable returns. This requires blending financial innovation with tangible incentives and institutional reforms. One promising approach is linking returns to local economic multipliers. For instance, if the government invests in flood protection infrastructure, it generates jobs in construction, opportunities for suppliers providing material and allied local businesses. These workers and businesses, in turn, spend their wages or profits on goods and services within the local economy, stimulating further economic activity. This will ensure that investments generate tangible community benefits while offering returns to investors. Another solution is tying payouts for impact-linked bonds to metrics such as job creation, agricultural productivity or improved public health outcomes. Such bonds, designed to finance projects with social or environmental objectives such as improving health and boosting agricultural productivity attract a diverse range of investors including governments, development banks, private investors and impact investment funds. Unlike traditional bonds with fixed interest payments, these bonds offer payouts depending on the success of the project. For instance, if a project meets specific goals such as reducing carbon emissions or improving literacy rates, the bond issuer may offer higher returns to investors. This performance-based structure attracts investors who are looking to achieve both financial returns and positive social or environmental outcomes. With partial underwriting by governments or international organizations, these bonds also reduce investor risk while driving societal benefits. Similarly, local carbon credit markets can empower communities to take up projects like reforestation or urban greening and thus generate carbon credits. These credits can be traded internationally, providing revenue for reinvestment and compensating investors in the process. Another avenue lies in monetizing climate resilience through public infrastructure. Green infrastructure projects such as flood-resistant housing or renewable-powered transit systems can be designed to generate revenue through user fees, tolls or public-private lease agreements. Shared energy saving models, where savings generated from reduced energy consumption are shared between stakeholders, are good solutions too. Here, savings generated from energy efficiency improvements leading to reduced energy consumption are shared between all parties involved: building owners, tenants and investors. Such models create financial incentives to invest in energy saving technologies and practices. Given the heavy debt burdens of many emerging economies, restructuring climate debt also offers a viable pathway to free up resources for climate projects. Debt-for-climate swaps allow international creditors to forgive portions of debt in exchange for climate investment commitments. A country could, for example, use these funds to build mangrove forests that serve as natural flood barriers, reducing future disaster costs. International financial support might be available for countries that get debt relief, particularly if the project contributes to global climate goals. Another option is issuing green sovereign debt instruments that tie lower interest rates to achieving specific climate targets. Impact investors looking for both returns and sustainability outcomes would be attracted to such measures. The potential of the international diaspora remains largely untapped. Governments can issue diaspora green bonds, appealing to communities abroad with higher disposable incomes and a vested interest in their home country. These bonds could fund visible projects, such as solar farms or water systems. Remittance-based financing platforms could also automatically channel a fraction of remittances into dedicated climate funds, creating a steady funding pipeline for adaptation projects. Technology-driven solutions can also address one of the biggest challenges in climate finance: perceived risk. For instance, AI-driven climate risk insurance can use advanced analytics to design tailored insurance products that pool risks across industries or geographies. The premiums collected could fund adaptation efforts, while payouts provide a safety net for investors if climate events disrupt projects. Likewise, blockchain for transparent financing can boost investor confidence by ensuring accountability. For example, blockchain could track funds raised for reforestation in real time, verifying progress on planting, maintenance and carbon sequestration, thereby enhancing trust and reducing financial risks. Striking a balance between financial returns and social impact is critical. Risk mitigation through guarantees from multilateral development banks or international financial institutions can play a pivotal role. These could cover a portion of losses on climate bonds, making them more attractive to private investors. Blending philanthropy and profit also offers a hybrid model where philanthropic funds cover high-risk costs, while private investors benefit from the profits. Integrating social return metrics such as lives saved can further broaden the appeal of climate investments. By adopting strategies such as tying investor returns to measurable local benefits, leveraging technology to reduce risks and mobilizing underutilized resources such as diaspora capital, emerging economies can reshape their climate financing landscape. ---The champions crashed to a fifth straight defeat in all competitions – something not experienced by the club in more than 18 years – as they were thrashed 4-0 by Tottenham at the Etihad Stadium on Saturday. The loss, which was also a third in succession in the Premier League and shattered a 52-game unbeaten home run, damaged the club’s hopes of winning an unprecedented fifth title in a row. It is the worst run of Guardiola’s glittering managerial career and the City boss, who extended his contract until 2027 last week, is determined to turn the situation around. The Catalan said: “When we start to lose I say to the people I have to find a way, I have to. It’s my duty, my responsibility, to find a way to be more consistent, that our game will be better and win games. “This is what we have to do.” City have been hampered by injuries to key players in recent weeks, particularly by the absence of Ballon d’Or-winning midfielder Rodri, who has been sidelined for the remainder of the season. Problems have emerged at both ends of the field with a lack of clean sheets – just five in 19 outings this term – and a shortage of goals being scored on occasions, like Saturday, when the prolific Erling Haaland has an off-day. Guardiola said: “We don’t expect to lose important players but it’s happened and you have to find a way. We have to find other abilities. “I don’t think we didn’t create enough chances. We created a lot of chances, clear ones at 0-0, 0-1, 0-2. “Of course we want a lot of players to score but it’s happened now. “I know at the Etihad when we are there and we score goals our momentum is there, but now we are not solid enough. That is the truth. “In both sides normally we are solid but we concede the goals. Now in both sides we are not good enough. “In these situations, what do you have do to? Keep going my friends, keep going. “We have done it in the past – not in terms of results being as bad as now – but we have done it and we face the situation and move forward.”Thanksgiving Weekend Sports Guide: Your roadmap to NFL matchups, other games, times, odds

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COMMERCE, Texas (AP) — Zach Calzada passed for 333 yards and three touchdowns, and he rushed for a score as Incarnate Word beat East Texas A&M 38-24 on Saturday to claim the Southland Conference title. Incarnate Word (10-2, 7-0) became the first team in program history to finish undefeated in conference play. The No. 6 Cardinals await the FCS selection show on Sunday to learn the playoff matchups. Calzada came in leading the FCS in passing touchdowns with 30 on the season and No. 6 for passing yards (3,018). He finished 26 of 40 with an interception against East Texas A&M. Incarnate Word linebacker Darius Sanders made his third interception in two games then Calzada launched a 43-yard pass to Jalen Walthall to tie it at 14 midway through the second quarter. The Cardinals' Marcus Brown blocked a 45-yard field-goal attempt that would have broken a tie at 24 early in the fourth. Calzada found wide-open Logan Compton in the end zone for a 31-24 lead. Mason Pierce was also left wide open for an 18-yard score with 2:43 left. Ron Peace was 21 of 38 for 165 yards with one touchdown and one interception for East Texas (3-9, 2-4). He also rushed for a score. Get poll alerts and updates on the AP Top 25 throughout the season. Sign up here . AP college football: https://apnews.com/hub/ap-top-25-college-football-poll and https://apnews.com/hub/college-football

Jimmy Carter wore many hats in his life, from navy lieutenant to U.S. president and humanitarian, but perhaps the cap he donned most proudly was his . The 100-year-old, former U.S. president, who had a long list of accomplishments before, during and after his one-term tenure in the White House (1977-1981), , surrounded by his family. Carter, the longest-lived president in U.S. history, had been in . “My father was a hero, not only to me but to everyone who believes in peace, human rights, and unselfish love,” said Chip Carter, his son, . “My brothers, sister and I shared him with the rest of the world through these common beliefs. The world is our family because of the way he brought people together, and we thank you for honouring his memory by continuing to live these shared beliefs.” Watch this touching tribute to President Carter’s life of love and service: — The Carter Center (@CarterCenter) Carter's passing occurred a little more than a year after , on Nov. 19, 2023. The Carters were married for close to 80 years. The source of his love affair with the natural world can be traced back to his childhood roots . “My thoughts on conservation are grounded in a lifelong love of the natural wonders of Georgia and our responsibility to pass on the land, water, and forests in a better condition than we inherited them,” Carter wrote in his acceptance of the Georgia Conservancy’s Distinguished Conservationist Award on Nov. 7, 2019, at . Carter's affinity for the environment blossomed as an adult with the lending of his support to the launch of the Georgia Conservancy as a founding member in 1967. “Growing up on a farm, I understood the protection of the Earth was the individuals’ responsibility, and that we must carefully manage and enhance nature rather than degrade it. I am proud to have had the opportunity to share these ideals with the Georgia Conservancy," said Carter. "Their leadership in environmental preservation, protection, and policy enactment was helpful to me as state senator, governor of Georgia, and then president of the United States.” Carter aided the creation of the at a time when the U.S. was faced with an energy crisis. , but the Iranian revolution in 1979 was a flashpoint for upheaval in global oil markets, leading to a major decrease in production and resulting jump in cost, according to Reuters. The then-president responded by pledging to decrease reliance on foreign oil imports and focus on improving energy efficiency, but public confidence was irreparably shaken. Carter on the White House roof in 1979 in a national push for renewable energy. Used to heat water in the White House while Carter was president, the panels were then removed by Ronald Reagan in 1986 during roof repairs and moved to storage instead of being reinstalled. To encourage Americans to make the switch solar energy, for panels used to heat water in their homes. The Georgia-born politician also called for renewable energy to comprise 20 per cent of the country’s power usage by 2000, but it only accounted for just seven per cent of it that year, according to the . His plan was an attempt to deter America’s reliance on foreign oil after the 1973 oil embargo, but it ultimately failed to get Congress’ seal of approval, . The crisis was marked by long lines at gas stations, putting a significant damper on his approval ratings and hurting his bid for a second term in office. While the 39th U.S. president was a solar-power advocate, Carter also promoted coal as an answer to the country's reliance on foreign oil. According to , he referred to coal as “the most formidable weapon in our defence arsenal” in a 1978 speech. Just before Carter departed the office, his that recommended countries should limit temperature increases to 2°C above pre-industrial levels. This goal was eventually adopted, 35 years after the report, . He then continued to be a champion of renewable energy in recent years, Among some of Carter's other contributions include the addition of to the National Wilderness Preservation System, a designation that protects them from human development. The Democrat also signed the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act in 1980, . “Future generations of conservation leaders must remember that we are stewards of a precious gift, which is not an unpleasant duty but rather an exciting challenge,” said Carter. “We must safeguard our land so that our children and grandchildren can enjoy fresh water, clean air, scenic mountains and coasts, fertile agricultural lands, and healthy, safe places to live and thrive.” In a 2023 interview with The Weather Network, author , who wrote , called him one of the "greatest environmental presidents," perhaps only rivalled by Theodore Roosevelt. "He saw us as God's stewards of the Earth," Alter said. "He was an outdoorsman from the time he was very young. As soon as he got the chance, as an adult [and] before he was even in politics, he became a land-use planner. He did that with an eye toward the environment." He said Carter's passion stemmed from a "deep love, not just of nature, but of the land." "He does deserve to be reappraised, reassessed and appreciated for being not just a great environmental president, but a far-sighted president in many different areas," said Alter. "If he had been re-elected in 1980, and not had to leave office in early 1981, we would be in a very different place now." Under Carter's watch while in the Oval Office, there . He of the National Park Service during his tenure. In addition to his environmental achievements, Carter was admired for his volunteerism with . He was also recognized for his tireless efforts to resolve international conflicts, advance democracy and human rights, and promote economic and social development. He was awarded thePep Guardiola signs new two-year contract with Manchester City

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SEOUL, South Korea (AP) — South Korean law enforcement officials on Monday requested a court warrant to detain impeached President Yoon Suk Yeol as they investigate whether his short-lived martial law decree on Dec. 3 amounted to rebellion. The Corruption Investigation Office for High-Ranking Officials, which is leading a joint investigation with police and military authorities into the power grab that lasted only a few hours, confirmed it requested the warrant from the Seoul Western District Court. They plan to question Yoon on charges of abuse of authority and orchestrating a rebellion. The warrant request came after Yoon dodged several requests by the joint investigation team and public prosecutors to appear for questioning and also blocked searches of his offices. While Yoon has the presidential privilege of immunity from criminal prosecution, such protections don’t extend to allegations of rebellion or treason. It’s not clear whether the court will grant the warrant or whether Yoon can be compelled to appear for questioning. Under the country’s laws, locations potentially linked to military secrets cannot be seized or searched without the consent of the person in charge, and it’s unlikely that Yoon will voluntarily leave his residence if he faces detention. There are also concerns about possible clashes with Yoon’s presidential security service if authorities attempt to forcibly detain him. Yoon’s presidential powers were suspended after the National Assembly voted to impeach him on Dec. 14 over his imposition of martial law, which lasted only hours but has triggered weeks of political turmoil, halted high-level diplomacy and rattled financial markets. Yoon’s fate now lies with the Constitutional Court, which has begun deliberations on whether to uphold the impeachment and formally remove Yoon from office or reinstate him. The National Assembly voted last week to also impeach Prime Minister Han Duck-soo, who had assumed the role of acting president after Yoon’s powers were suspended, over his reluctance to fill three Constitutional Court vacancies ahead of the court’s review of Yoon’s case. The country’s new interim leader is Deputy Prime Minister Choi Sang-mok, who is also finance minister. To formally end Yoon’s presidency, at least six justices on the nine-member Constitutional Court must vote in favor. Three seats are currently vacant following retirements and a full bench could make conviction more likely. Choi, who has been handling the government’s response to a plane crash on Sunday that killed 179 people, has yet to say whether he intends to appoint the Constitutional Court justices. In a separate criminal investigation of Yoon, authorities have already arrested his defense minister, police chief and several other military commanders involved in the attempt to enforce the martial law decree, which harkened back to the days of authoritarian leaders the country hasn’t seen since the 1980s. Yoon and his military leadership have been accused of attempting to block the National Assembly from voting to end martial law by sending hundreds of heavily armed troops to encircle the building. Lawmakers who managed to get in voted unanimously 190-0 to lift martial law, hours after Yoon declared it in a late-night television address. Yoon has also been accused of ordering defense counterintelligence officials to detain key politicians, including opposition leader Lee Jae-myung, National Assembly Speaker Woo Won Shik and the ex-leader of his own conservative party, Han Dong-hun, a reformist who supported investigations into corruption allegations against first lady Kim Keon Hee. Yoon has defended the martial law decree as a necessary act of governance, portraying it as a temporary warning against the liberal opposition Democratic Party, which he has described as an “anti-state” force obstructing his agenda with its majority in the National Assembly. Yoon has claimed he had no intention to paralyze the functioning of the assembly, saying that the troops were sent to maintain order, and also denied planning to arrest politicians. Yoon’s claims have been denied by Kwak Jong-keun, the now-arrested commander of the Army Special Warfare Command, who testified in the National Assembly that Yoon called for troops to “quickly destroy the door and drag out the lawmakers who are inside” the assembly’s main chamber where the vote occurred. Kwak said he did not carry out Yoon’s orders. The joint investigation team has also questioned Maj. Gen. Moon Sang-ho, commander of the Defense Intelligence Command, who has also been arrested over suspicions that he sent troops to the National Election Commission in Gwacheon city after Yoon declared martial law. Yoon has defended the troop deployment to the election commission, which happened at the same time as the military operation at the National Assembly, saying it was necessary to investigate supposed vulnerabilities in the commission’s computer systems potentially affecting the credibility of election results. Yoon’s failure to offer any evidence in support of his claims has raised concerns that he was endorsing conspiracy theories on right-wing YouTube channels that April’s parliamentary elections were rigged. The Democratic Party won those elections by a landslide. The election commission rejected Yoon’s allegations, stating there was no basis to suspect election fraud.

South Korean authorities seek warrant to detain impeached presidentYOUNGSTOWN, Ohio (AP) — Max Burton and Brandon Muntu both had 18 points in Western Michigan's 73-62 victory against Youngstown State on Wednesday. Burton had 12 rebounds for the Broncos (3-4). Muntu went 6 of 9 from the field (4 for 4 from 3-point range). Markhi Strickland had 16 points and shot 5 of 13 from the field and 5 of 11 from the free-throw line. The Penguins (2-5) were led by EJ Farmer, who posted 20 points. Juwan Maxey added 12 points and seven assists for Youngstown State. Nico Galette finished with nine points, seven rebounds and four steals. The Associated Press created this story using technology provided by Data Skrive and data from Sportradar .

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